Answer :
To arrange and add these numbers vertically, we'll write each problem out in column format with the larger or first number on top and then perform the addition process step by step.
a. [tex]5 + 5[/tex]
5+ 5
-----
10
The sum of 5 and 5 is 10.
b. [tex]9 + 7[/tex]
9+ 7
-----
16
The sum of 9 and 7 is 16.
c. [tex]8 + 5[/tex]
8+ 5
-----
13
The sum of 8 and 5 is 13.
e. [tex]46 + 27[/tex]
46+ 27
-----
73
In this example, we add each column of numbers. 6 plus 7 equals 13, write 3 and carry over 1 to the next column. Then, 4 plus 2 plus the carried over 1 equals 7. The sum is 73.
f. [tex]78 + 21[/tex]
78+ 21
-----
99
In this case, adding down the columns, 8 plus 1 is 9, and 7 plus 2 is also 9. The sum is 99.
g. [tex]35 + 46[/tex]
35+ 46
------
81
For this problem, 5 plus 6 equals 11, write 1 and carry over 1 to the next column. Then, 3 plus 4 plus the carried over 1 equals 8. The final sum is 81.
These additions demonstrate the basic arithmetic process of vertical addition, where numbers are aligned by their place value for easy computation.