Answer :
To solve this problem, we need to determine which of the given options is the most relevant issue that can be addressed by conducting a statistical analysis of the provided body temperature data at 8 AM and 12 AM.
Here's the given data in the table:
```
\begin{tabular}{l|c|c|c|c|c}
\hline Subject & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 \\
\hline 8 AM & 97.0 & 98.5 & 97.6 & 97.7 & 98.7 \\
\hline 12 AM & 97.6 & 97.8 & 98.0 & 98.4 & 98.4 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
```
### Let's Examine Each Option
Option A: The data can be used to find the percentage of people whose body temperature increases with illness.
- This option focuses on analyzing body temperature changes due to illness. However, there's no information about the health status of the subjects in the given data (whether they are ill or healthy). Hence, this option is not relevant.
Option B: The data can be used to address the issue of whether there is a correlation between body temperatures at 8 AM and at 12 AM.
- This option is about analyzing the relationship between the body temperatures measured at two different times, specifically 8 AM and 12 AM. The data provided include temperatures at these two different times for several subjects, making it perfectly suited for analyzing a potential correlation between them. Thus, this issue can be addressed with the given data.
Option C: The data can be used to address the issue of whether there is a difference between average body temperature for males and for females.
- This option focuses on the difference in body temperature between males and females. The given data don't provide any information about the gender of the subjects. Therefore, this option cannot be addressed with the current data.
Option D: The data can be used to address the issue of whether there is a correlation between average body temperature and a person's exposure to sunlight.
- This option investigates the relationship between body temperature and sunlight exposure. However, the provided data don't contain any information about the subjects' exposure to sunlight. Thus, this issue cannot be addressed with the given data.
### Conclusion
Based on the analysis of each option, the most pertinent issue that can be addressed with the given data is:
Option B: The data can be used to address the issue of whether there is a correlation between body temperatures at 8 AM and at 12 AM.
Thus, the correct answer is B.
Here's the given data in the table:
```
\begin{tabular}{l|c|c|c|c|c}
\hline Subject & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 \\
\hline 8 AM & 97.0 & 98.5 & 97.6 & 97.7 & 98.7 \\
\hline 12 AM & 97.6 & 97.8 & 98.0 & 98.4 & 98.4 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
```
### Let's Examine Each Option
Option A: The data can be used to find the percentage of people whose body temperature increases with illness.
- This option focuses on analyzing body temperature changes due to illness. However, there's no information about the health status of the subjects in the given data (whether they are ill or healthy). Hence, this option is not relevant.
Option B: The data can be used to address the issue of whether there is a correlation between body temperatures at 8 AM and at 12 AM.
- This option is about analyzing the relationship between the body temperatures measured at two different times, specifically 8 AM and 12 AM. The data provided include temperatures at these two different times for several subjects, making it perfectly suited for analyzing a potential correlation between them. Thus, this issue can be addressed with the given data.
Option C: The data can be used to address the issue of whether there is a difference between average body temperature for males and for females.
- This option focuses on the difference in body temperature between males and females. The given data don't provide any information about the gender of the subjects. Therefore, this option cannot be addressed with the current data.
Option D: The data can be used to address the issue of whether there is a correlation between average body temperature and a person's exposure to sunlight.
- This option investigates the relationship between body temperature and sunlight exposure. However, the provided data don't contain any information about the subjects' exposure to sunlight. Thus, this issue cannot be addressed with the given data.
### Conclusion
Based on the analysis of each option, the most pertinent issue that can be addressed with the given data is:
Option B: The data can be used to address the issue of whether there is a correlation between body temperatures at 8 AM and at 12 AM.
Thus, the correct answer is B.