Answer :
When NaOH and HCl are mixed, a neutralization reaction occurs and the total heat evolved in the solution is 1865 Joules.
When NaOH and HCl are mixed, a neutralization reaction occurs, resulting in the formation of water and the release of heat. To calculate the total heat evolved in this reaction, we can use the formula q = mcΔT, where q represents the heat, m is the mass, c is the specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the change in temperature.
First, we need to determine the mass of NaOH and HCl. We can use the density of each solution to find their respective masses. Assuming the density of NaOH is 1.0 g/mL and the density of HCl is 1.18 g/mL, we have:
Mass of NaOH = 19.9 mL * 1.0 g/mL = 19.9 g
Mass of HCl = 20.2 mL * 1.18 g/mL = 23.836 g
Next, we calculate the heat evolved for NaOH and HCl separately. Since the specific heat capacity of water is 4.18 J/g°C, we can use this value for both substances. The initial temperature (T1) for both solutions is 28.4°C, and the highest temperature reached (T2) by the mixed solution is 39.4°C.
For NaOH:
q1 = (19.9 g) * (4.18 J/g°C) * (39.4°C - 28.4°C) = 902.636 J
For HCl:
q2 = (23.836 g) * (4.18 J/g°C) * (39.4°C - 28.4°C) = 1062.416 J
Finally, we add the two values to obtain the total heat evolved:
Total heat evolved = q1 + q2 = 902.636 J + 1062.416 J = 1865.052 J
Rounding to the nearest whole number, the total heat evolved in the solution is 1865 Joules.
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