Answer :
Final answer:
The closest answer choice is: (a) 36.6 mL. To prepare 300 mL of 1.500 M hydrochloric acid from a 12.2 M concentrated solution, 36.885 mL of the concentrated acid is needed, which rounds to 36.9 mL.
Explanation:
The closest answer choice is: (a) 36.6 mL. To calculate the volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid needed to prepare a diluted solution, we can use the equation M1V1 = M2V2, where M1 and V1 are the molarity and volume of the concentrated solution, and M2 and V2 are the molarity and volume of the diluted solution, respectively. In this case, M1 = 12.2 M (concentration of the concentrated HCl), M2 = 1.500 M (desired concentration of the diluted HCl), and V2 = 300 mL (desired volume of the diluted HCl). Solving for V1 gives us:
V1 = (M2 * V2) / M1
V1 = (1.500 M * 300 mL) / 12.2 M
V1 = 36.885 mL
Therefore, the volume of concentrated HCl needed is 36.885 mL, which we can round to 36.9 mL.