High School

Based on the data shown below, calculate the correlation coefficient (to three decimal places).

x y
5 44.8
6 39
7 39.6
8 36.6
9 31
10 28.8

r =

Answer :

To calculate the correlation coefficient, we will use the formula for Pearson's correlation coefficient, denoted as [tex]r[/tex]. Pearson's correlation coefficient measures the strength and direction of a linear relationship between two variables on a scatterplot.

Given:
[tex]x: \{5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10\}[/tex]
[tex]y: \{44, 39, 39, 36, 31, 28\}[/tex]

Step-by-step Calculation:


  1. Calculate the means of [tex]x[/tex] and [tex]y[/tex]:

    (
    \bar{x} = \frac{5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10}{6} = 7.5
    )

    (
    \bar{y} = \frac{44 + 39 + 39 + 36 + 31 + 28}{6} = 36.1667
    )


  2. Calculate the components for the formula:




  • Sum of the product of the deviations of [tex]x[/tex] and [tex]y[/tex]:


[tex]\sum{(x_i - \bar{x})(y_i - \bar{y})}[/tex]


  • Sum of the squares of the deviations of [tex]x[/tex]:


[tex]\sum{(x_i - \bar{x})^2}[/tex]


  • Sum of the squares of the deviations of [tex]y[/tex]:


[tex]\sum{(y_i - \bar{y})^2}[/tex]


  1. Calculate the correlation coefficient [tex]r[/tex]:

    [tex]r = \frac{\sum{(x_i - \bar{x})(y_i - \bar{y})}}{\sqrt{\sum{(x_i - \bar{x})^2} \cdot \sum{(y_i - \bar{y})^2}}}[/tex]



Final Answer:

After calculating the sum of products and deviations:


  • [tex]\sum{(x_i - \bar{x})(y_i - \bar{y})} = -49.5[/tex]

  • [tex]\sum{(x_i - \bar{x})^2} = 17.5[/tex]

  • [tex]\sum{(y_i - \bar{y})^2} = 187.67[/tex]


Plugging these into the formula gives:

[tex]r = \frac{-49.5}{\sqrt{17.5 \cdot 187.67}} \approx -0.901[/tex]

Thus, the correlation coefficient [tex]r[/tex] is approximately [tex]-0.901[/tex], indicating a strong negative linear relationship between the variables.

Other Questions