Answer :
To find the additional kinetic energy when the bowling ball is rolling at 16 mph (7.1 m/s) compared to 14 mph (6.2 m/s), we start with the formula for kinetic energy:
$$
KE = \frac{1}{2} m v^2
$$
where:
- $m$ is the mass of the ball,
- $v$ is its speed.
Given:
- Mass, $m = 6\ \text{kg}$
- Speed at 16 mph, $v_1 = 7.1\ \text{m/s}$
- Speed at 14 mph, $v_2 = 6.2\ \text{m/s}$
**Step 1: Compute the squares of the speeds.**
For $v_1$:
$$
v_1^2 = (7.1)^2 \approx 50.41\ \text{m}^2/\text{s}^2
$$
For $v_2$:
$$
v_2^2 = (6.2)^2 \approx 38.44\ \text{m}^2/\text{s}^2
$$
**Step 2: Compute the kinetic energy at each speed.**
For $v_1$:
$$
KE_1 = \frac{1}{2} \times 6 \times 50.41 \approx 3 \times 50.41 \approx 151.23\ \text{J}
$$
For $v_2$:
$$
KE_2 = \frac{1}{2} \times 6 \times 38.44 \approx 3 \times 38.44 \approx 115.32\ \text{J}
$$
**Step 3: Calculate the difference in kinetic energy.**
$$
\Delta KE = KE_1 - KE_2 \approx 151.23\ \text{J} - 115.32\ \text{J} \approx 35.91\ \text{J}
$$
Rounded to one decimal place, the additional kinetic energy is approximately:
$$
35.9\ \text{J}
$$
Thus, the 6-kilogram bowling ball has approximately $35.9$ joules more kinetic energy at 16 mph than at 14 mph.
$$
KE = \frac{1}{2} m v^2
$$
where:
- $m$ is the mass of the ball,
- $v$ is its speed.
Given:
- Mass, $m = 6\ \text{kg}$
- Speed at 16 mph, $v_1 = 7.1\ \text{m/s}$
- Speed at 14 mph, $v_2 = 6.2\ \text{m/s}$
**Step 1: Compute the squares of the speeds.**
For $v_1$:
$$
v_1^2 = (7.1)^2 \approx 50.41\ \text{m}^2/\text{s}^2
$$
For $v_2$:
$$
v_2^2 = (6.2)^2 \approx 38.44\ \text{m}^2/\text{s}^2
$$
**Step 2: Compute the kinetic energy at each speed.**
For $v_1$:
$$
KE_1 = \frac{1}{2} \times 6 \times 50.41 \approx 3 \times 50.41 \approx 151.23\ \text{J}
$$
For $v_2$:
$$
KE_2 = \frac{1}{2} \times 6 \times 38.44 \approx 3 \times 38.44 \approx 115.32\ \text{J}
$$
**Step 3: Calculate the difference in kinetic energy.**
$$
\Delta KE = KE_1 - KE_2 \approx 151.23\ \text{J} - 115.32\ \text{J} \approx 35.91\ \text{J}
$$
Rounded to one decimal place, the additional kinetic energy is approximately:
$$
35.9\ \text{J}
$$
Thus, the 6-kilogram bowling ball has approximately $35.9$ joules more kinetic energy at 16 mph than at 14 mph.