Answer :
Final answer:
The entropy of fusion of methanol can be calculated using the thermodynamic equation ΔS = ΔH/T. After standardizing units and doing the calculations, the answer is 18.0 J/(mol*K).
Explanation:
The key to solving this problem is using the thermodynamic equation ΔS = ΔH/T. This equation describes the entropy of fusion (ΔS), which is the change in entropy when a substance changes from a solid to a liquid at its melting point. The change in enthalpy of fusion (ΔH) is given as 3.16 kJ/mol, and the freezing/melting point of methanol is -97.8 °C, which needs to be converted to Kelvin for this calculation. The conversion to Kelvin is done by adding 273.15 to the Celsius temperature. Hence, -97.8 °C becomes 175.35 K.
Therefore, ΔS can be calculated as follows:
ΔS = ΔH/T = (3.16 kJ/mol) / (175.35 K) = 0.0180 kJ/(mol*K)
However, entropy is usually expressed in smaller units, so it is typical to convert kJ to J:
0.0180 kJ/(mol*K) = 18.0 J/(mol*K)
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