Answer :
The α = 0.01 level of significance, we can conclude that the average alcohol consumption of college students is significantly higher than that of the average American population.
To determine if the average alcohol consumption of college students is significantly different from the average consumption of the average American, we can conduct a hypothesis test.
Let's set up the hypotheses:
Null hypothesis (H0): The average alcohol consumption of college students is equal to the average American consumption. (μ = 81)
Alternative hypothesis (H1): The average alcohol consumption of college students is greater than the average American consumption. (μ > 81)
We can use a one-sample t-test to analyze the data. Since we don't have information about the population standard deviation, we'll use the t-distribution and the sample standard deviation instead.
Given that the sample mean (x) of the 10 randomly selected college students is 97.7 liters and the sample standard deviation (s) is 23 liters, we can calculate the t-statistic using the following formula:
t = (x - μ) / (s / √n)
Where:
x = sample mean
μ = population mean
s = sample standard deviation
n = sample size
Plugging in the values, we get:
t = (97.7 - 81) / (23 / √10)
Calculating this expression gives us the t-value.
However, we also need to determine the critical value for the test based on the significance level (α = 0.01) and the degrees of freedom = n - 1.
Since we have 10 randomly selected college students = 10 - 1 = 9.
To find the critical value, we can consult the t-distribution table. With α = 0.01 and df = 9, the critical t-value is approximately 2.821.
Comparing the calculated t-value to the critical t-value, we can draw a conclusion. If the calculated t-value is greater than the critical t-value, we reject the null hypothesis; otherwise, we fail to reject the null hypothesis.
Now let's calculate the t-value:
t = (97.7 - 81) / (23 / √10)
≈ 16.700
Since the calculated t-value (16.700) is much greater than the critical t-value (2.821), we can reject the null hypothesis.
Therefore, based on the given data and the α = 0.01 level of significance, we can conclude that the average alcohol consumption of college students is significantly higher than that of the average American population.
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